Mary B. Dunphy, part-time collector from South Wexford

With the submission of a copybook of completed material for the Schoolsโ€™ Collection of the Irish Folklore Commission in 1938, the Principal of St Leonardโ€™s National School, Ballycullane wrote an accompanying letter which read: A chara, My folklore collection herewith. I got it completed just now because my teaching career finishes here directly. Any job …

Holy Wells and Sacred Trees: Interference with the natural world

While legal and religious factors have long guided our moral compass, our traditional code of right and wrong has also been informing individual conduct for a considerable amount of time. In oral tradition, particular behaviours deemed to be unacceptable are often followed by examples of what happens when this code is ignored. Among the prohibitions …

Culture and Tradition and the Protestants of Independent Ireland

The Protestant ascendancy, and members of the wealthy upper middle classes, have tended to dominate in discussions of the Protestants of independent Ireland, with little knowledge of the cultural or folk aspects of Protestantsโ€™ identity and behaviour or of the socio-economic diversity of Irish Protestants. In particular, the experiences of rural and urban working-class Protestants …

Welcome, noble summer!

In Irish folk tradition, the calendar is principally split into โ€˜Quarter Daysโ€™, so called as they divide the year into each of its four seasons of autumn (Lammas / Lรบnasa), winter (Halloween / Samhain), spring (St. Brigidโ€™s Day / Imbolc), and of course summer (May Day / Bealtaine), which falls on the 1st of May. In marking the transition …

Dear Diary…

โ€˜One of the greatest sources of information we have in Ireland is the Ordnance Survey Books, which were made about a century ago by three men, John Oโ€™Donovan, Eugene Oโ€™Curry, and George Petrie. They went around and took down all the place names of the country and recorded material of very great importance. But the …

The Ethnologistโ€™s Eye

Tomรกs ร“ Muircheartaigh was one of Irelandโ€™s most prolific photographers of the early 20th century. Heโ€™s perhaps best remembered for capturing the everyday life of ordinary people living in Irelandโ€™s rural districts. ร“ Muircheartaigh was born in Dublin in 1907. His father Tomรกs and his mother Brรญd Nรญ Mathรบna both worked as teachers in the …